Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) characterizes particles from nanometers to micrometers by analyzing intensity fluctuations in scattered light caused by Brownian motion. Correlation timing electronics convert intensity data into correlation functions and diffusion coefficients, which yield hydrodynamic radius via the Stokes-Einstein equation. Multiangle DLS measurements provide robust size …
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Photon Number Resolution (PNR) describes the ability to determine how many photons arrive at a detector. Outlines are state-of-the-art detectors, pseudo vs intrinsic PNR methods, and the role of time-tagging electronics in high-fidelity photon counting.
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Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC) is a technique that measures the precise arrival times of individual photons emitted by a sample following an excitation with a pulsed light source.
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